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Specifics of emergencies in gynecology and obstetrics
PUPÍKOVÁ, Lenka
The bachelor thesis deals with the topic "Specifics of emergencies in gynecology and obstetrics". It concists of two parts, theoretical and practical. In theoretical part, we provide information on individual emergencies in gynecology and obstetrics. We deal at emergencies, how they manifest, what the risk factors may be and what treatment is in pre-hospital emergency care. In gynecological emergencies we discuss emergencies such as ectopic pregnancy, adnexal torsion, ovarian cyst rupture, endometriosis, ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome, pelvic inflammatory disease and pathological gynecological bleeding. In obstetrics we describe hypertensive conditions in pregnancy, preeclampsia, eclampsia, HELLP syndrome, abortive birth, breech birth, umbilical cord prolapse, placental abruption, placenta previa, amniotic fluid embolism, postpartum hemorrhage and cardiopulmonary resuscitation of pregnant women. In the practical part, we present information collected from interviews with paramedics. The information collected was analysed and divided into 11 categories. The goal of thesis was - 1. To map individual emergencies in gynecology and obstetrics. 2. To map the procedures of paramedics in gynecology and obstetrics emergencies. We believe that we have succeeded in meeting our goals. The results of the research can be used to create recommended procedures in gynecological and obstetrics emergencies.
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The changing needs of women during pregnancy
VAŇKOVÁ, Támar
The bachelor thesis deals with the issue of changing needs during pregnancy. It is divided into a theoretical and practical part. The theoretical part describes pregnancy and the impact it has on a woman's needs. The thesis delves into different aspects of needs according to 11 functional health patterns by Marjory Gordon. The goal of the practical part was to find out how pregnant women deal with the changes to their needs. Two research questions were posed, the first: Which of the needs do the women feel is the most difficult to fulfill?, and the second: Who do the women most frequently turn to when it comes to issues about fulfilling their needs? Data was obtained through qualitative research which took place in March 2022. The research was carried out through semistructured in-depth interviews. Ten pregnant women took part in the research. Their age range was 25-37. For women F3, F4, F5, F7, F8 it was their first pregnancy. For women F1 and F2 it was their second pregnancy, and for women F6, F9, F10 it was their third time being pregnant. The interviews were recorded using a mobile phone and consequently transcribed using a pen and paper method. The research shows that the needs women find the most difficult to fulfill were the need for rest and sexual need. F2, F5, and F7 had problem with excretion. For F7 it was difficult to realize that she was more irritable during pregnancy. For F4 and F6 it was difficult to deal with the changes in needs during pregnancy because they affected the women's relationships with the outside world. The research further shows that the women most often used the internet to search for information. Apart from that, in case of problems F3, F4, F8 a F9 would turn to their family and friends. Another source was literature and the woman's occupation - F7 is a midwife. The women also sought information with their gynecologists, and lastly they would use their own knowledge from previous pregnancies. F1, F2, F3, F4, F5, F6, F8, F9 and F10 accepted the changes to their needs. The women expected the changes, viewed them as natural and as a part of pregnancy. However, F7 could not accept the fact that pregnancy affected her behavior and made her more irritable. She consulted this change with her psychotherapist. Other ways of dealing with the changing needs were to look for information about pregnancy and to share the changes with loved ones or professionals (a psychotherapist, gynecologist, midwife). The women also took measures which helped them deal with certain needs. For example, due to constipation F2 increased her fiber intake and drank more water. The benefit of this thesis is the possibility of presenting the acquired data at seminars for midwives.
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Awareness of pregnant women about cord blood donation
KOLMANOVÁ, Michaela
This bachelor's thesis is dedicated to donating umbilical cord blood. The thesis consists of a theoretical and practical part. The theoretical part contains a description of the placenta and its functions, umbilical cord blood, stem cells. Furthermore, the theoretical part contains a description of the technique of cord blood collection, contraindications of the collection and processing of umbilical cord blood. It also describes the education of midwives on this issue. Umbilical cord blood banks and legislative provisions are listed here. The aim of the bachelor's thesis was to find out how knowledgeable pregnant women are about this issue. A quantitative research survey was used in the practical part of this work. The questionnaire created contained 18 closed questions. The research team was pregnant women. This set consisted of 244 respondents. Of these, 155 (64%) first-time parents 89 (36%) multi-parents. Of these, 41.39% of respondents know the use of umbilical cord blood. Only 18.03% of respondents know what they need to do to be able to take umbilical cord blood. 19.67% of respondents reported the correct time of collection of umbilical cord blood. 13.52% of respondents reported that the maximum storage period of donated umbilical cord blood is 20 years. Two hypotheses were established in this work. The first hypothesis focused on whether pregnant women are given more information about this issue by a midwife or gynecologist. 5.70% of respondents received information from a midwife. 3.70% of respondents received information from a gynecologist. Statistical processing of the hypothesis has shown us that there is no difference in who gives information. Women are informed from the midwife as well as from the gynecologist. The second hypothesis was whether multi-parents are more informed about umbilical cord blood donation than first-time parents. Multi-parents accounted for 36%, and first-time parents 64%. 46.06% of multi-parents and 38.71% of first-time parents said they knew the use of umbilical cord blood. 20.22% of multi-parents and 19.35% of first-time parents know the time of collection of umbilical cord blood. 50.56% of multi-parents and 39.35% of first-time parents reported that the donation was not risky for newborns. We confirmed the second hypothesis. The results of this work show that women have very little information on the issue of umbilical cord blood donation. The midwife is a competent person, so women could be more education about this issue. This work can be used in seminars for midwives.
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Problematics of cord blood collection.
VAŇKOVÁ, Barbora
This bachelor's thesis deals with the issue of umbilical cord blood collection. Due to the focus of the work, the theoretical part describes childbirth and all periods of childbirth, the procedure of collecting umbilical cord blood after a spontaneous delivery and after delivery per sectio caesarea and possible contraindications of umbilical cord blood collection. My thesis also describes the role of a midwife as a women's educator about the possibility of collecting umbilical cord blood and the role of a midwife during childbirth, including the collection of umbilical cord blood. Last but not least, the theoretical part mentions the importance of umbilical cord blood banks and their legislation concerning and stem cell transplantation. In total, three goals were set. The first goal was to find out if midwives have knowledge about the collection of umbilical cord blood. The second goal was set to reveal whether pregnant women have enough information about umbilical cord blood collection, and the third goal was to see whether pregnant women are interested in umbilical cord blood collection. Based on the goals set, research questions were assigned to each goal. The first research question asked about the knowledge of midwives about the collection of umbilical cord blood, the second question dealt with the pregnant women's knowledge of umbilical cord blood collection and the last question examined the attitude of pregnant women to the collection of umbilical cord blood. Two research files were identified in the research survey. The first group consisted of six midwives, labeled PA1 to PA6, who worked in the delivery room for at least one year. In the second research group there were six pregnant women, marked T1 to T6, who regularly attended an antenatal clinic. The research was conducted using web programs Skype or Teams in May 2020. A qualitative method was chosen to carry out the research part, which was implemented using individual semi-structured interviews. Before the interviews began, the informants gave oral consent to data processing. The data was later analyzed and main categories and subcategories were created based on the results. After evaluating data with the midwives, 2 categories and 8 subcategories were determined. After evaluating data with pregnant women, one category and 3 subcategories were determined. The first research question examined the knowledge of midwives about the collection of umbilical cord blood. Research has shown that midwives PA2 to PA6 have sufficient information on the procedure for collecting umbilical cord blood. Midwife PA1 stated that she had never seen the collection and did not know how such a collection would be performed. On the other hand, midwife PA5 stated that earlier, up to 15 samples per month were performed at her workplace. Therefore, she was the most informed of all the midwives interviewed. The second research question examined the pregnant woman's knowledge about the collection of umbilical cord blood. Research has shown that all pregnant women knew what umbilical cord blood is, but most (T1, T2, T3 and T5) do not know how it is collected and used. The third research question was aimed at the attitude of pregnant women towards the collection of umbilical cord blood. The research found that due to the lack of information, high financial cost and storage of umbilical cord blood, women are not interested in commercial collection of umbilical cord blood. The reason why women are not interested in umbilical cord blood donation was that women would have to choose to give birth at a hospital that allows this type of collection, namely maternity hospitals in Slaný, Česká Lípa and Thomayer Hospital in Prague. Pregnant women state that these hospitals are very distant from their family and place of residence, and that is the reason why not choose these hospitals for childbirth. Only pregnant woman T2 stated that she would consider collecting blood for her own purposes.
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Pregnant woman in prenatal care
KRTIČKOVÁ, Michaela
The bachelor thesis deals with the issue of care for pregnant women in prenatal care. The thesis is divided into a theoretical part and a practical part. The theoretical part provides a summary of information about pregnancy, including its signs, classification, risk, dating and changes in the maternal organism during pregnancy. Attention is paid to prenatal care, its history, goals, system and examinations within prenatal care. The final theoretical passage deals with the role of the midwife in prenatal care and the education of the midwife in the prenatal clinic. The practical part of the bachelor's thesis aimed to find out: 1) what is the level of awareness of pregnant women attending antenatal clinics by midwives and 2) how much they understand the information provided. The research itself was carried out by means of a qualitative research survey in the form of individual semi-structured interviews. The research survey took place from March to April 2020. The research group consisted of 13 pregnant women attending prenatal counseling centers in Broumov and České Budějovice. Interviews with participants were conducted with their express consents, were anonymous and marked T1 to T13. The interview contained 17 basic questions and other additional sub-questions. The interviews were recorded on an audio recording, from which a literal transcript was made. Three categories and seven subcategories were identified for data analysis. The research showed that most pregnant women are satisfied with the method of transmitting information from midwives, but they do not have enough information about the course of the pregnancy. Most participants reported dissatisfaction with the scope of information provided in antenatal clinics and the need to seek information from other sources. Participants would welcome better communication and greater awareness of the pregnancy process from both the midwife and the doctor. Research has shown that pregnant women do not have sufficient knowledge about pregnancy, lifestyle during pregnancy, changes in the body accompanying pregnancy, or the reasons for examinations performed during prenatal care. The bachelor thesis demonstrates the importance of sufficiently informing pregnant women about the issue of pregnancy and prenatal care. It emphasizes the importance of access and communication by medical staff for the effectiveness of prenatal care. The work should help to bring prenatal care closer to future pregnant women and can help midwives to improve the quality of prenatal care provided and to inform pregnant women more appropriately.
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Nutrition of women during pregnancy: needs, knowledge, awareness and real use of knowledge
Pelánová, Natálie ; Starnovská, Tamara (advisor) ; Tomešová, Jitka (referee)
Pregnancy is a crucial period in a woman's life, when many physical and mental changes take place. A woman must think not only of herself and consider what is best for her and her child. With the help of a nutritionally rich diet, it is possible to affect the health of the fetus into the distant future. This bachelor thesis deals with the nutrition of pregnant women, their needs, information and the use of acquired knowledge. The bachelor thesis is divided into two parts. In the first part I analyze the theoretical knowledge about pregnancy, energy intake and diet during pregnancy. In the second part, the evaluation takes place in the form of a questionnaire survey, when 196 questionnaires were obtained. The questionnaire includes questions on women's awareness and resources, diet, supplements, drinking regime and risky components of the diet. The aim of this work was to find out what needs the pregnant body has, what knowledge pregnant women have, whether they feel sufficiently informed, where they primarily obtain nutrition information and how they then use it. In evaluating the hypotheses, some were confirmed and others refuted. Unfortunately, the hypothesis of whether women are sufficiently informed was refuted, as most women did not feel that way. Another hypothesis regarding the primary use...
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Healthy nutrition and sport during pregnancy
Piklová, Lenka ; Starnovská, Tamara (advisor) ; Coufalová, Klára (referee)
Pregnancy is a period in a woman's life that fundamentally changes life of hers, of her partner and even of her whole family, because by the delivery a new individual is born. Naturally, the process of its development and growth is carried out via its mother, who usually carries it in her body for nine months, and during this period and even before conception, the individual's development is strongly influenced by mother's lifestyle. Healthy lifestyle, meaning primarily varied and balanced diet and adequate physical activity, can not only prevent countless malformations of the fetus, but also favourably affect the course of pregnancy itself and subsequent mother's rehabilitation after delivery. This bachelor thesis deals with the influence of nutrition and sport on pregnancy and fetal development. It is divided into a theoretical part which summarizes the theoretical knowledge of this issue, and a practical part where research on this topic is elaborated. The theoretical part is divided into three main chapters. The first of them deals with pregnancy itself, i.e. the individual's development, pregnancy changes in the mother's body and parenting in general. The second chapter discusses preconceptual nutrition and nutrition during pregnancy, including energy requirements, individual macronutrients...
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Care of women during termination of pregnancy for congenital developmental defect.
Bukáčková, Daniela ; Školoudová, Markéta (advisor) ; Žižka, Zdeněk (referee)
The bachelor thesis deals with prenatal diagnosis, congenital developmental defects and their screening examination and subsequent nursing care of a female patient who has been diagnosed with developmental defects of the fetus. This thesis is divided into two parts, theoretical and practical. The theoretical part is focused on knowledge about prenatal diagnosis and its importance and subsequent screening examinations, which are part of it. There are the components of ultrasound examinations, biochemical examinations and invasive and non-invasive examinations described in the thesis. This thesis reports on congenital developmental defects at both - chromosomal and morphological - levels. There are causes of the occurrence of these defects, their division and their manifestations described in the thesis. There are also possibilities of termination of pregnancy mentioned in the end of the theoretical part. The second part of the thesis, the practical part, is focused on a case study. There was a female patient of Gynecology and Obstetrics Clinic, General Teaching Hospital in Prague, selected to the thesis. The content of the practical part is the development of nursing care which was provided to the female patient. The aim of the thesis was, firstly, to monitor the nursing care which is provided to...
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The position of a pregnant woman in employment relations
Hejzlarová, Anna ; Štefko, Martin (advisor) ; Kotous, Jan (referee)
Pregnancy is significantly protected in labour law and the position of a pregnant woman in employment relations is, therefore, very specific. After the creation of an employment relationship, or a legal relation based on the agreements to work outside the scope of employment, a whole range of protective institutes are in place to ensure a special position of a pregnant worker that is of key importance. The thesis focuses primarily on the position of a pregnant woman during the employment relationship as only there all the protective institutes are present. The introductory parts deal with the reason and importance of the protection of a pregnant worker, its establishment in the Czech legal order and the importance of informing the employer of one's pregnancy. The following parts are dedicated mainly to individual labour law institutes constituting special protection and special working conditions of a pregnant worker during the employment relationship until the commencement of her maternity leave. The last part underlines the differences in the protection of a pregnant woman granted during one of the legal relations based on the agreements to work outside the scope of employment compared to the one granted during the employment relationship. The thesis tries to provide a detailed description and...
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